The velocities and masses of four objects are listed in the table.

 

 

Which object has the greatest momentum?

The diagram shows three pairs of positively charged particles, A, B, and C.

 

 

Which of the following best describes two of the pairs of charged particles?

A student performs an investigation using a compass and a circuit with a switch. The switch is initially open, and the compass is placed over part of the wire so that the compass needle and wire are aligned. When the switch is closed, the compass needle moves. The diagrams represent the compass

placed over the wire.

 

 

Which of the following best explains why the compass needle moves when the switch is closed?

A part of a roller coaster’s track is shown. Assume friction is negligible. Four points on the track are labeled W, X, Y, and Z.

 

 

Where on the track would a car have the most gravitational potential energy?

Referring to Question #4. Where on the track would a car have the most kinetic energy?

The free-body force diagram for an object is shown.

 

 

Based on the free-body force diagram, which of the following describes the motion of the object?

A positive test charge is placed in the field of a positive charge that is fixed in position. The test charge is first held in place and then allowed to move. The diagram shows the two charges.

 

 

Part A: The field of the fixed charge will cause the test charge to move

A circuit with a 12 V battery and two resistors is shown.

 

 

The total current in the circuit is 2 A. Which of the following must be the values of the resistors?

A truck is traveling along a highway. The graph shows the truck’s velocity with respect to time.

 

 

At which labeled point on the graph does the truck have the greatest acceleration?

The graph shows the position of an object over time.

 

 

The velocity of the object is

The table shows the net force that acted on an object and the distance it moved during each of four time intervals.

 

 

During which time interval was the most work performed on the object?

The graph shows the change in temperature of a substance as thermal energy is added. Four sections of the graph are labeled.

 

 

In which section of the graph is the substance changing phase from a liquid to a gas?

The next three questions (#12 through #14) focus on two classroom demonstrations of wave behaviors. Read the information below and use it to answer the selected-response questions and constructed-response question that follow.

 

Students in a physics class studied wave behaviors by observing different types of waves in two demonstrations.

 

Demonstration 1

 

For demonstration 1, the students observed waves in a ripple tank, which is a container with a glass bottom. The ripple tank was filled with a couple inches of water. The waves were generated by a paddle that moved up and down in the water. The students could adjust the frequency of the paddle’s movement. A light above the tank created shadows of the waves on the floor. Each wave crest made a dark shadow, while each wave trough made a light shadow. The setup for demonstration 1 is shown.

 

 

Demonstration 2

 

For demonstration 2, the students directed red light from a laser pointer at a block of glass. The red light had a frequency of 4 x 10¹⁴ Hz. The path of the light as it traveled through the block is represented in the diagram.

 

 

Which of the following describes the waves in both demonstrations 1 and 2?

What is the wavelength of the laser light used in demonstration 2?

The students modified demonstration 1 by placing two barriers in the middle of the ripple tank. The waves passed through a small gap between the barriers. The diagram shows the wave pattern that was produced as the waves passed through the small gap.

 

 

Part A: As the waves pass through the gap, they

 Part B: The students added a third barrier to the ripple tank so that there were two gaps. As the waves passed through the gaps, they interfered, as shown in the diagram.

 

 

Which of the following best describes how constructive interference occurred?

Open Response Question #16 is provided at the end of the page.

 

The models shown represent three types of nuclear decay.

 

 

Which type of decay does each model represent?

A person rode a sled down a track on a snowy hill. The person started at rest at the top of the hill and stopped on a rough rubber mat at the bottom of the hill. The track is shown in the diagram.

 

Which of the following graphs best represents the speed of the person on the sled from the top of the hill to the mat?

B. The ripple tank used in demonstration 1 was replaced with a ripple tank that had a deep water section and a shallow water section. The diagram shown below represents the wave pattern produced when the new ripple tank was used.

 

 

Based on the diagram, compare the wavelength of the waves in the shallow water with the wavelength of the waves in the deep water.

C. The frequency of the waves stayed the same as the waves moved from the deep water to the shallow water in the new ripple tank.

 

Compare the velocity of the waves that traveled in the deep water with the velocity of the waves that traveled in the shallow water. Explain your reasoning.

C. Suppose that the Sun had 30% less mass than it actually does. How much would the attractive force between the Sun and the planets change? Explain your answer.

B. The specific heat of water is 4.19 J/g • °C. Calculate the amount of thermal energy gained by the water in the cup.

Show your calculations and include units in your answer.