The diagram shows two charged particles separated by a

distance, d.

 

 

Which of the following describes how the forces between the two charged particles change as the distance between the particles changes?

Carbon-14 is produced in Earth’s atmosphere. The nucleus of carbon-14 is not stable and changes to nitrogen-14 to become more stable, as shown.

 

 

Carbon-14 changes to nitrogen-14 through

A magnifying glass was used to create an enlarged image of a candle. The diagram shows the candle and the image of the candle that an observer saw. The solid lines represent the actual path of light.

 

 

Part A: Which of the following explains why the light traveled from the candle to the observer in the path shown?

Part B: The path of the light from the candle appeared to bend as it traveled to the observer. As the light from the candle entered the magnifying glass, the light

In an investigation, students wrapped an insulated copper wire around an iron nail so that the nail had 20 loops around it. They connected the ends of the wire to a 1.5 V battery. The setup is shown.

 

 

A student held the nail with the wire above several metal paper clips. Some of the paper clips accelerated upward toward the nail.

 

Part A: The upward force that acted on the paper clips was from

Part B: The students next investigated the number of paper clips that could be picked up when there were different numbers of loops of wire around the nail. The students made the table shown to record their data.

 

 

Which of the following questions were the students most likely trying to answer in their investigation?

The diagram shows an experimental setup to measure heat transfer between two sealed bags of cooking oil. The bags are in an insulated container. Bag X contains 200 mL of cooking oil at 25°C. Bag Y contains 200 mL of cooking oil at 75°C. The temperature of the oil in each bag is recorded over 20 minutes.

 

 

Which graph shows the temperature of the oil in each bag over the 20-minute period?

The diagram shows a circuit.

 

 

The current in the circuit is 0.02 A. Which table shows the correct values for the voltage drop across each resistor and the total voltage drop across the circuit?

The next four questions (#14 through #17) focus on the motion of falling objects. Read the information below and use it to answer the three selected response questions and one constructed-response question that follow.

 

Students in a physics class investigated the amount of time it took a metal marble to fall different distances. The students used two photogates, X and Y, to measure the times. Photogates are devices that start or stop a timer when an object passes through them. The setup for the investigation is shown.

 

 

The marble had a mass of 0.07 kg. In each trial, the marble was dropped from photogate X with an initial velocity of 0 m/s. The distance between the photogates was decreased after each trial. The table shows the distance the marble fell and the time the marble took to fall in each trial. Air resistance was negligible.

 

 

Based on the data from trial 1, what was the average speed of the marble as it traveled the 0.8 m distance?

The students created the graph to show the distance the marble traveled between the photogates over time.

 

 

The graph indicates that the marble was

Refer to Question #15. The graph also indicates that the magnitude of the net force acting on the marble was

The students drew a free-body force diagram to represent the force acting on the marble after it had fallen 0.2 m in trial 1, as shown. Assume air resistance was negligible.

 

 

Which of the following free-body force diagrams represents the force or forces acting on the marble after it had fallen 0.4 m?

Open Response Question #17 is at the bottom of the page.

 

Which of the following graphs must represent constant, positive acceleration?

A student is investigating electrostatic forces using two pith balls. Pith balls have a very small mass and can be easily charged. The student charges each pith ball, which results in the balls being separated by a distance, d, as shown in the diagram.

 

The pith balls have

B. Draw two bars on Graph 3 on the next page to show the amount of GPE and the amount of KE the marble had when it was 0.2 m above photogate Y in trial 1.

 

D. A group of students investigate how the magnitude of the force applied to a soccer ball as it is kicked affects the ball’s velocity after it is kicked. The students will conduct their investigation on an indoor soccer field. The students create a list of six factors in the investigation, as shown.

 

 

From the students’ list, identify each of the following:

 

 

In your response, you may use the numbers 1–6 to identify the factors instead of writing out the words.